Definition: 1 a : something held as an established opinion especially: a definite authoritative tenet. b : a code of such tenets - pedagogical dogma. c : a point of view or tenet put forth as authoritative without adequate grounds.
2 : a doctrine or body of doctrines concerning faith or morals formally stated and authoritatively proclaimed by a church.
The literal meaning of dogma in ancient Greek was "something that seems true." These days, in English, dogma is more absolute. If you believe in a certain religion or philosophy, you believe in its dogma, or core assumptions. If you belong to a cult that believes that cupcake consumption is the only true path, then you follow the cupcake dogma. Dogma, once adopted, is accepted without question. Go eat cupcakes!